Technology

Caware is proudly announced that our single modularized patent #MAF design awarded the 2024 Taiwan Excellence We're thrilled to see exceptional enterprises recognized at the ceremony, contributing to Taiwan's global presence. Cheers for Caware, cheers for Taiwan !

PFAS is often used on pots and pans, which existing in our whole water circulation systems. If exposure to unsafe PFAS concentrations from drinking water, it may result in serious health effects to baby development delay during pregnancy, immune system, and liver cancer.

Water can come from a variety of sources, such as rains, lakes and wells, which can be contaminated with germs that can make people sick. Germs can also contaminate water as it travels through miles of piping to get to a community. To prevent contamination with germs, global city water plants adds a disinfectant usually either Chlorine, Chloramines, or Fluorides..etc. for public municipal water supply. (also in terms of city water or tap water) Caware’s carbon technology with solutions of granular carbon filters, 100% coconut shell activated carbon block, carbon fiber filter cartridges provides high & instant efficiency to reduce those contaminants to make your water safe & healthy.

Caware integrated MAF technology is comprised of multiple effective filtration media, including an absolute 0.1um log 9 bacteria reduction hollow fiber membrane, which can isolate the world’s smallest bacteria, our patented advanced CB technology as chemical reduction. Our MAF technology integrated multiple claiming into 1 stage, including removing sediment, hazardous chemicals, and harmful bacteria. Besides, no power & waste consumption with low pressure drop & gravity flow is an environmental friendly green concept design.

Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microbial that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh water, water pipe lines or storage still water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in food preparation, or food consumption that is infected. Various forms of waterborne diarrheal disease probably are the most prominent examples. According to the WHO (World Health Organization), about 1.5 million human deaths annually, due to the unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene, this also cause serious impact in global economy & heavy burden of governments social insurance. To ensure every drop water intake to human body is safe & healthy, Caware patent filter cartridge technology provides products of hollow fiber filter cartridges of rapid gravity flow to reduce the bacteria in water with log 9 reduction for medical / hospital application (per ASTM 838 protocol)or log 6 for drinking water applications, log 4 for virus reduction and log 3 for cysts giardia (per NSF231 protocol).

Particles exist in almost all water sources. The particles range from rocks, sediment, dirt, dust, silt, or minor sizes of microorganism (cyst & giardia), Algaes, or bacteria, virus.. etc. and even all chemicals could be defined in sizes in molecule or atoms. Caware particle reduction technology effectively stop ranges of particles contaminants by physical reductions. To acquire for safe water without particles contaminated, Caware provides depth thermal bonding filter, pleated filter, hollow fiber, RO membrane..etc. in either nominal or absolute particulate micron ratings.

When it comes to filtering – be it water, various chemicals or even the air around us – many commercial and domestic processes rely on carbon.  Innocuous looking, carbon occupies position six on the periodic table between boron and nitrogen, and has a valency of four, meaning that it can accept four different atomic connections as covalent bonds.  Carbon is also a useful material for the manufacture of water filters due to its ability to be formed into blocks capable of sifting water and removing a surprising number of unwanted additives. Carbon has a property whereby it allows the medium being filtered to pass round it and crucially, filling pore areas with the extracted material and allowing the cleaned transport material – be it water, air, or some other low viscosity throughput – to exit in a much-refined state. This retention of filtration material is a process known as adsorption, and activated carbon has a high capacity for the collection of unwanted material.  Furthermore, beyond the adsorption of organic material, carbon block can remove disinfectant material via the catalytic reduction process.  The filtration material is commonly referred to as granular activated carbon (GAC). GAC is highly effective at removing organic matter and disinfectant or apparent health additives such as chlorine and fluorine from water, and can dramatically improve taste as well as reducing health hazards.  Activated carbon is a favoured technique for filter material because of its multifunctional nature that adds nothing detrimental to the water.  In addition, much of the base material for the carbon can be derived from many natural sources, such as coal, wood and even discarded nutshells, and is surprisingly easy to prepare and form into filtration blocks. Coconut shells for instance, are hard and pure, and make a fantastic material for drinking water filters.  The actual performance – the ability to remove contaminants – is dependent upon a few factors, and in making purposeful products, carbon block manufacturers aim to create a balance of them.  These factors include; Molecular weight.  Increasing molecular weight leads to a corresponding increase in adsorption as there is physically more carbon available, and less soluble in water.  To be highly effective, the pore size and structure needs to be maximised and carbon blocks may be a mixture of high and low molecular weight in order to work effectively across all adsorption and catalytic ranges. Particle size.  Allied to molecular weight, carbon is usually available in a variety of mesh sizes, which dictates the average size of the resulting particles.   Generally, a finer mesh gives a greater adsorption as there is an increases surface area for it to work on, but this may restrict the water flow because it represents a more torturous path. pH. Based on the relative potential of hydrogen (hence pH), the acidity/alkalinity of the carbon will impact its effectiveness at removing material form water.  Generally, additives such as chlorine are unaffected by pH, but organic matter is more effectively removed at slightly lower pH’s – making it more acidic in nature. Flow rate.  This is directly proportional to particle size, with smaller, denser particulate decreasing flow rate but increasing cleanliness of the final throughput. Flow rate needs to be appreciated when selecting a mesh size for your carbon block filter. Temperature.  Like pH, the temperature of operation can affect throughput as high temperatures will increase the activity of the carbon, and vice versa.  Increased activity equals a more efficient removal process, but conversely, lower temperatures have been shown to aid adsorption in some cases.  The temperature you set to will be dependent on what you are trying to remove from the water, and how fast you are trying to do it. Carbon block filters are regarded as one of the simplest and most effective means of removing particulate and additives in water and, being relatively low cost, should be one of the first means of cleaning your flow. Furthermore, since they are radial flow, carbon block filters do not have any channel problems.

Heavy metals, such as Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Sn...etc in drinking water pose threats to human health. Populations are exposed to heavy metals primarily through water consumption. Nowadays, few thousand publications have reported various aspects of heavy metals in drinking water contaminated by aging water supply infrastructure. Effective heavy metal reduction solution is a priority need to obtain the safe water. Caware technology provides wide ranges of water filter solutions to reduce various heavy metals effectively.

Chloramines - derivatives of ammonia by the substitution of one, two or three hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms – are fast becoming a standard means of removing bacteria from water supplies.  It is estimated that around 25% of US water treatment plants use chloramines as a water-cleaning agent, and its use is growing in the UK.  Chloramine actually exists in three different forms, being monochloramine, dichloramine, and trichloramine, depending upon atomic arrangement. They are chemically related and are easily converted into each other, depending upon local conditions.  Medically, chloramines have been linked to respiratory problems, and may be a factor in cancer formation. With its potential health implications, the removal of chloramines from general water supplies is a high priority in many instances.  In addition, chloramines should always be removed from water for dialysis, aquariums, hydroponic applications, and homebrewing beer. Chloramines can interfere with kidney dialysis systems, can be detrimental to aquatic animals, and can give home-brewed beer a nasty taste by forming chlorophenols. In hydroponic applications, the compound has also been shown to stunt the growth of plants.  Luckily, both dichloramine and trichloramine are fairly volatile and naturally escape from water quite quickly, and the remaining monochloramines can be removed by couple of means. Chloramine water filters are carbon based devices, however standard granular activated carbon (GAC) is fairly ineffective as a chloramine filter since its reduction rate is quite slow so throughput needs to be significantly reduced.  That’s not a good situation for a heavy water user and other means are needed to ensure efficient removal.  The most effective way of addressing chloramine reduction is to use catalytic carbon systems to help break down the chloramine. Generally, the catalytic properties of carbon are measured by the rate at which carbon decomposes a common material - hydrogen peroxide. The resulting “peroxide number” which is measured in terms of minutes, estimates the carbon’s utility in any other catalytic application, and in this case, its chloramine reduction characteristics. Therefore, based on the comparative results obtained for a variety of carbon mesh sizes for commercial carbons, the efficiency of chloramine reduction is discussed in the terms of peroxide decomposition capacity and further extended to the total life (I.E. the total volume) claims for corresponding GAC cartridge and carbon block systems. Catalytic carbon cartridges are one of the major methods of removing chloramines on an industrial scale.  Supplied as replaceable units, catalytic carbon is usually such a matrix of carbon spheres which have been structurally modified to change the chloramine into nitrogen and ammonia gases – which are then harmlessly bled off – with the chlorine remaining in the water.  The subsequent chlorine reduction can be carried using simple activated carbon or even a UV light source. In terms of throughput, chloramine filtration can be carried out rapidly, with some industrial systems able to handle as much as 250 gallons per minute.  This makes them suitable for heavy water users such as hospitals, schools and other educational establishments, food preparation systems and industrial processes that require copious amounts of clean water. Chloramine is dissolved in water to ensure that it remains antibacterial in nature while travelling through the water system, however, increasing concern about noxious materials such as chlorine and ammonia placed in our water have led to an increasing interest in removing them at point of use. Using combinations of catalytic and activated carbon filters, it is becoming easier to ensure both chloramine and chlorine removal on either a commercial or domestic basis.

Plastics are the most relevant type of ocean, lake or stream debris, which come in all shapes and sizes, but those which are less than 5mm in size are called "microplastics". Micro plastics are very slow-degrading contaminants in water, having long residence time and easily to transfer along food chains to cause physical damages to our living organism. Therefore, methods to remove micro plastics from water are actually needed.

Emerging compounds (ECs) are actually potential to the environment, but not commonly monitored in the environment, which will cause human health effects. They are consistently being found in groundwater, surface water, municipal wastewater, drinking water, and food sources from daily pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, surfactants, and personal care products…etc. Emerging Compounds Removal from Wastewater is an Emerging topic worldwide.